Final Fantasy XII Ultimania (excerpt #1)

This is the scene early in the game where the main protagonist, Vahn encountered "Mob" bulletin board for the first time and had it explained to him. Doesn't make sense if you hadn't play the game but here goes:

この掲示板に貼られてるのは、魔物退治を頼む張り紙ばかりなんだ。賞金をかけられた人のことを「賞金首」って言うだろう？それのモンスター版みたいなもんだな。退治を依頼された魔物は「モブ」って呼ばれてるぜ。

"Stuck on this bulletin board, is a bill to request a monster's extermination. Headhunters track people, right? This bounty is for the monster. The monster who were requested to be terminated is called 'Mob.'"

＊この掲示板に貼られてるのは、魔物退治を頼む張り紙ばかりなんだ。

掲示板・けいじばん "bulletin board. Literally, put up (掲), show (示), board (板)"
貼る・はる "to stick"
魔物・まもの "monster. Literally, magic (魔), thing (物)"
退治・たいじ "extermination. Literally, retreat (退), cure (治)"
頼む・たのむ "to request"
張り紙・はりがみ "poster. Literally, attached on (張り), paper (紙)"

It is usually a good idea to read the sentence until you found a topic, or a subject of the sentence that was marked with either particle は or が. In this case, marked by a particle は as この掲示板に貼られてるの is the topic of this sentence. This topic takes the form of [この + noun + に + verb + の]. The に particle here act as a target particle indicating the noun as a target of an action represented by the verb. The verb part, however, requires a bit more attention because it's not in its dictionary form. 貼られてる is probably an inflected form of 貼る "to stick" with ている to indicate a progressive action. Thus, the whole sentence becomes "Something that was stuck at this bulletin board" which then marked with a の particle to nominalize so it could be marked as a topic.

The "something" part that was "stuck at this bulletin board" then explained by the next part of this sentence. 魔物退治を頼む張り紙ばかりなんだ. A [noun + を + verb] + noun + ばかりなんだ construct. The first noun part is a four kanji compound, consists of 魔物 "monster" and 退治 "extermination" to mean just that, "monster extermination." Attached with direct object particle を, and a verb, 頼む "to request," it becomes "a monster extermination request." This construct then act as a modifier for the second noun that follows it, 張り紙 "poster" which resulted in the second noun part to have a meaning of "A poster (of) monster extermination request." ばかりなんだ is a bit unclear, but it is perhaps a colloquial version of ばかり "just" and のだ a sentence ending to indicate that the speaker is explaining something.

＊賞金をかけられた人のことを「賞金首」って言うだろう？

賞金・しょうきん  "prize. Literally, award (賞), money (金)"
人・じん "human, person"
賞金首・しょうきんくび "bounty. Literally, prize (賞金), neck (首)"
言う・いう "to say"

Quite simply, this sentence is a [A + を + B] sentence. The "A" part being, 賞金をかけられた人のこと and the "B" part being, 「賞金首」って言うだろう？.

The "A" part itself is a [noun1 + を + verb] + noun2 + の + こと construct or "The thing with noun1 that was verbed on noun2." The verb in this construction (which modifies noun2) is かける, further conjugated into potential and non-present form かけられた. Now this verb, かける, is a very widely used verb in Japanese and it could mean to take, to attach, to hang, to play, to put, to dial, and quite a few more. This verb, acting on noun1, 賞金 "prize," to mean "takes the prize" then used to modify noun2, 人 "person" so it becomes "the person who takes the prize."

The "B" part is a noun + って言う + だろう construct. って言う marked the preceding noun as a quote, and だろう is used by the speaker to (implicitly) ask for the listener's agreement. The noun part, is an interesting one. 賞金首. For some reason, Google Translate gives "Mad Dog" on this word which doesn't really make sense. Weblio.jp however, if I'm not mistaken in translating, gives an explanation to this word as "a person who handed a criminal, dead or alive, to an authority who would give him money for it" which is simply a long form of "headhunter." I had used this as the final translation. It is interesting because this word consists of kanji for 賞金 "prize" and 首 "neck" which invokes an image of putting a prize for (someone's) neck.

Altogether, this A + を + B sentence final meaning could be deduced as, "A man who takes the prize thing is called 'headhunter,' right?"

＊それのモンスター版みたいなもんだな。

版・はん "edition"

There's only one kanji here, 版 which means "edition, version, etc." The sentence itself is colloquial, maybe even depends on a local dialect and stuff like that, but the entire sentence talks about それ "this" which in context, meaning "the thing about the prize on stuff that was posted on this bulletin board" mentioned earlier at the previous sentence. モンスター版 then explains that "this thing" is a "monster edition" as opposed to previous context with "headhunter" thing.

＊退治を依頼された魔物は「モブ」って呼ばれてるぜ。

依頼・いらい "request. Literally, depend on (依), request (頼)"
呼ばれる・よばれる "to be called"

This sentence is a very basic A + は + B sentence or "A is B" with the A part being 退治を依頼された魔物 and the B part being 「モブ」って呼ばれてるぜ.

The A part could then be further dissected into a noun1 + を + [verb  + noun2] or "verb modified noun2 that acts on noun1." The verb is a する-verb, 依頼する "to request" that was further inflected into a passive non-present form された and it in turns, modify the noun2 part of this sentence which is 魔物 "monster" which then will become "monster that was requested." Requested for what? Answer: Noun1: 退治 "exterminate." Therefore, the A part becomes "monster that was requested to be exterminated."

The B part dissected simply as noun + quoting particle + 呼ばれる or "to be called noun." The noun part is a made-up word, written with katakana, モブ "Mob." Together, this sentence overall then becomes, "Monster that was requested to be exterminate was called 'Mob'."

The ぜ part at the end kinda still puzzles me though, but I'm going to dismiss it and attribute it to being a part of local dialect, casual speech used by the game's character.